Which is the second level of subject action on the Totality of the circumstances chart?

Which is the second level of subject action on the Totality of the circumstances chart?

• A. Passive Resistance
• B. Deadly Force/Assault
• C. Inactive Resistance
• D. Active Resistance

Answer: (A)

The chart orders subject actions from least to most dangerous. The second level is Passive Resistance, which means the subject isn’t complying but isn’t using force or threats—think verbal objections, noncompliant stance, or minimal, nonviolent movement. It’s more than standing still (Inactive Resistance) but less than actively trying to break contact (Active Resistance). Deadly Force/Assault is the highest level, reserved for imminent danger. So Passive Resistance fits as the second level because it sits between nonmovement and active physical resistance.

The chart orders subject actions from least to most dangerous. The second level is Passive Resistance, which means the subject isn’t complying but isn’t using force or threats—think verbal objections, noncompliant stance, or minimal, nonviolent movement. It’s more than standing still (Inactive Resistance) but less than actively trying to break contact (Active Resistance). Deadly Force/Assault is the highest level, reserved for imminent danger. So Passive Resistance fits as the second level because it sits between nonmovement and active physical resistance.